Source: REUTERS/CARLA CARNIEL
[Saba Sports News] Aerodynamics is crucial in F1 racing as it focuses
on studying the forces acting on a racing car in motion through air or other
gases. It involves analyzing the flow patterns of gases, understanding the
associated physical and chemical changes, and optimizing the performance of the
car accordingly. Each team utilizes its own wind tunnel testing to improve and
assess the aerodynamics of their cars. Considerable budgets are allocated for
wind tunnel testing every season. The aerodynamic design of an F1 car aims to
generate down-force while minimizing air resistance. As the car speeds up, it
encounters greater air resistance. The purpose of aerodynamic design is to find
the balance between generating down-force to enhance traction and cornering
capabilities while minimizing the negative impact of air resistance on speed.
Building an F1 wind tunnel is a costly endeavor, with costs reaching tens of
millions of dollars regardless of its size. Most teams currently employ a
return-flow wind tunnel, which consists of components such as force measuring
balances, flow field display equipment, and pressure measuring equipment. The
wind tunnel test simulates the strong aerodynamic effects experienced by the
car when it is on the track. It allows for the manipulation of the car’s body
tilt, rotation, and simulation of different windward attitudes. FIA regulations
impose certain limitations on wind tunnel testing. Models used in testing
cannot exceed 60% of the original car size, and the maximum wind speed is
limited to 180 km/h. Additionally, each team is restricted to using a maximum
of 12 sets of tires for testing purposes per year. Wind tunnel testing provides
valuable insights into the aerodynamic performance of the car and helps teams
optimize their designs. Even small upgrades, such as modifications to a wing,
can potentially improve lap speeds by a few tenths of a second.